p-type semiconductor: trivalent acceptorp-प्रकार अर्धचालक: त्रिसंयोजी ग्राहीp-type semiconductor: trivalent acceptor
NCERT Fig 14.8 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 14 · interactive diagram
Read Chapter 14 with this diagramइस डायग्राम के साथ अध्याय 14 पढ़ेंIs diagram ke saath Ch 14 padhiyeAll Physics diagramsसभी भौतिकी डायग्रामSaare Physics diagrams
Parts and what they mean
- Trivalent acceptor atom (B, Al, In) (त्रिसंयोजी ग्राही परमाणु (B, Al, In)) — It has one valence electron fewer than Si, so it bonds with only three neighbours; the bond to the fourth has a vacancy.
- Hole in the fourth bond (चौथे आबंध में होल) — A neighbouring electron can jump in, moving the hole away. Once the acceptor holds this fourth electron it becomes a fixed − ion. One acceptor gives one hole.
- (b) Schematic of p-type material ((b) p-प्रकार पदार्थ का व्यवस्था चित्र) — Shows only the fixed acceptor cores and their holes.
- Ionised acceptor core (−) (आयनित ग्राही क्रोड (−)) — Immobile negative charge in the lattice.
- Holes — majority carriers (होल — बहुसंख्यक वाहक) — One per acceptor plus a few thermal ones.
- Electron — minority carrier (इलेक्ट्रॉन — अल्पसंख्यक वाहक) — Only from thermal generation, reduced by recombination: ne < ni.
- +4 Si core (+4 Si क्रोड) — Host silicon atom.
- Covalent bond (सहसंयोजक आबंध) — Two shared electrons.
Original diagram drawn by Simple Learning Hub, based on NCERT Fig 14.8. Report a mistake