Distance of closest approach d (head-on α-particle)निकटतम उपगमन दूरी d (आमने-सामने आता α-कण)Distance of closest approach d (head-on α-particle)
NCERT Example 12.2 · Class 12 Physics · Chapter 12 · interactive diagram
Read Chapter 12 with this diagramइस डायग्राम के साथ अध्याय 12 पढ़ेंIs diagram ke saath Ch 12 padhiyeAll Physics diagramsसभी भौतिकी डायग्रामSaare Physics diagrams
Parts and what they mean
- Incoming α-particle (आता हुआ α-कण) — Far from the nucleus all its energy is kinetic, K.
- α-particle momentarily at rest (क्षण भर विराम में α-कण) — All the kinetic energy has become electric potential energy U = (1/4πε₀)(2e)(Ze)/d. Then it is pushed back.
- Gold nucleus (+79e) (स्वर्ण नाभिक (+79e)) — Treated as fixed, being about 50 times heavier.
- Distance of closest approach d (निकटतम उपगमन दूरी d) — Centre-to-centre distance at the turning point. Because the α-particle never touches the nucleus, d gives an upper limit for the nuclear radius.
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