Simple Learning HubCLASS 9–12 · JEE · NEET
📝 Board Notes: Pass to Topperबोर्ड नोट्स: पास से टॉपर तकBoard Notes: Pass se Topper tak

First Flight: PoetryFirst Flight: पद्य (Poetry)First Flight: Poetry

Class 10 English · Section 5 · UP Boardकक्षा 10 अंग्रेज़ी · खण्ड 5 · यूपी बोर्डClass 10 English · Section 5 · UP Board

Built by analysing many years of real UP Board papers, and updated after every board exam. Beginner or topper, it is for everyone.कई वर्षों के असली यूपी बोर्ड पेपरों के विश्लेषण से बना, हर बोर्ड परीक्षा के बाद अपडेट। शुरुआत करने वाले हों या टॉपर, सबके लिए।Kai saalon ke asli UP Board papers ko analyse karke bana, har board exam ke baad update. Beginner ho ya topper, sabke liye.

📊 Based on 5 years (2022–2026) of UP Board papers, current syllabus: 28 sets readवर्तमान सिलेबस के 5 वर्षों (2022–2026) के यूपी बोर्ड पेपरों पर आधारित: 28 सेट पढ़े गएCurrent syllabus ke 5 saal (2022–2026) ke UP Board papers par based: 28 sets padhe · plus 26 old-syllabus papers (2011–2020), counted separatelyसाथ में पुराने सिलेबस के 26 पेपर (2011–2020) अलग से गिने गएpurane syllabus ke 26 papers (2011–2020) alag se gine · 1 special-sitting paper(s) of 2021 not counted2021 की विशेष परीक्षा के 1 पेपर नहीं गिने गए2021 ki special exam ke 1 paper nahi gine

🔥 Most asked in this chapterइस अध्याय में सबसे ज़्यादा पूछे गएIs chapter mein sabse zyada aaye

Ranked by how many years each topic came in the paper. Tap a topic to jump to its notes.हर टॉपिक कितने वर्ष पेपर में आया, उसी क्रम में। टॉपिक पर टैप करें, नोट्स पर पहुँचें।Har topic kitne saal paper mein aaya, usi order mein. Topic par tap kijiye, notes par pahunchiye.

1A Tiger in the Zoo — Leslie Norrisए टाइगर इन द ज़ू — लेस्ली नॉरिसA Tiger in the Zoo — Leslie Norris🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 1, 2, 3, 4अंक: 1, 2, 3, 4Marks: 1, 2, 3, 4 · + in 1 model paper(s)+ 1 मॉडल पेपर में+ 1 model paper mein2Fire and Ice — Robert Frostफ़ायर एंड आइस — रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्टFire and Ice — Robert Frost🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 1, 2, 3, 4अंक: 1, 2, 3, 4Marks: 1, 2, 3, 43'Write four lines of any poem' and explaining a stanza'Write four lines of any poem' और पद्यांश की व्याख्या'Write four lines of any poem' aur stanza explain karna🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 3, 4अंक: 3, 4Marks: 3, 4 · + in 1 model paper(s)+ 1 मॉडल पेपर में+ 1 model paper meinOld syllabus (2011–2020): also in 10 of 10 yearsपुराना सिलेबस (2011–2020): 10 में से 10 वर्ष भी आयाPurane syllabus (2011–2020) mein bhi 10/10 saal aaya4Dust of Snow — Robert Frostडस्ट ऑफ़ स्नो — रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्टDust of Snow — Robert Frost🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 1, 3, 4अंक: 1, 3, 4Marks: 1, 3, 45The Trees — Adrienne Richद ट्रीज़ — एड्रिएन रिचThe Trees — Adrienne Rich🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 1, 2, 3, 4अंक: 1, 2, 3, 4Marks: 1, 2, 3, 4 · + in 1 model paper(s)+ 1 मॉडल पेपर में+ 1 model paper mein6Amanda! — Robin Kleinअमांडा! — रॉबिन क्लाइनAmanda! — Robin Klein🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 3, 4अंक: 3, 4Marks: 3, 4 · + in 1 model paper(s)+ 1 मॉडल पेपर में+ 1 model paper mein
Show all 11 topicsसभी 11 टॉपिक देखेंSaare 11 topics dekhiye
7How to Tell Wild Animals — Carolyn Wellsहाउ टू टेल वाइल्ड एनिमल्स — कैरोलिन वेल्सHow to Tell Wild Animals — Carolyn Wells🔥 Asked in 4 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 4 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 4/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 1, 3अंक: 1, 3Marks: 1, 3 · + in 1 model paper(s)+ 1 मॉडल पेपर में+ 1 model paper mein8The Ball Poem — John Berrymanद बॉल पोएम — जॉन बेरीमैनThe Ball Poem — John BerrymanAsked in 3 of 5 years5 में से 3 वर्ष पूछा गयाAaya hai 3/5 saal
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 1, 3अंक: 1, 3Marks: 1, 39Fog — Carl Sandburgफ़ॉग — कार्ल सैंडबर्गFog — Carl SandburgAsked in 3 of 5 years5 में से 3 वर्ष पूछा गयाAaya hai 3/5 saal
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 1, 3अंक: 1, 3Marks: 1, 310The Tale of Custard the Dragon — Ogden Nashद टेल ऑफ़ कस्टर्ड द ड्रैगन — ऑग्डेन नैशThe Tale of Custard the Dragon — Ogden NashAsked in 3 of 5 years5 में से 3 वर्ष पूछा गयाAaya hai 3/5 saal
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 1, 3अंक: 1, 3Marks: 1, 311For Anne Gregory — W. B. Yeatsफ़ॉर ऐन ग्रेगरी — डब्ल्यू. बी. यीट्सFor Anne Gregory — W. B. YeatsAsked in 3 of 5 years5 में से 3 वर्ष पूछा गयाAaya hai 3/5 saal
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
Marks: 3अंक: 3Marks: 3 · + in 1 model paper(s)+ 1 मॉडल पेपर में+ 1 model paper mein
🟢 PASSपासPASS

Haven't studied anything? Read just this much and you will pass.कुछ नहीं पढ़ा? बस इतना पढ़ लीजिए, पास हो जाएँगे।Kuch nahi padha? Bas itna padh lijiye, pass ho jayenge.

👉 Read this firstसबसे पहले यह पढ़ेंSabse pehle yeh padhiye

Poetry carries 8 marks: 2 MCQs on an extract, one 3-mark question (a short answer or 'write four lines of any poem'), and one central idea (3 marks). A Tiger in the Zoo, Fire and Ice, Dust of Snow and The Trees come most often, and 'write four lines' is a free 3 marks if you know one short poem by heart. For each poem learn the poet, the central idea in 3–4 sentences, and two or three poetic devices.पद्य से 8 अंक आते हैं: पद्यांश पर 2 MCQ, एक 3 अंक का प्रश्न (लघु उत्तर या 'कोई चार पंक्तियाँ लिखिए'), और एक केंद्रीय भाव (3 अंक)। A Tiger in the Zoo, Fire and Ice, Dust of Snow और The Trees सबसे अधिक आती हैं, और यदि एक छोटी कविता पूरी याद हो तो 'चार पंक्तियाँ' मुफ़्त के 3 अंक हैं। हर कविता का कवि, 3–4 वाक्यों में केंद्रीय भाव, और दो-तीन काव्य-सौन्दर्य बिंदु याद करें।Poetry se 8 marks aate hain: extract par 2 MCQ, ek 3 marks ka question (short answer ya 'write four lines of any poem'), aur ek central idea (3 marks). A Tiger in the Zoo, Fire and Ice, Dust of Snow aur The Trees sabse zyada aati hain, aur agar ek chhoti poem poori yaad ho to 'four lines' free ke 3 marks hain. Har poem ka poet, 3–4 sentences mein central idea, aur do-teen poetic devices yaad kijiye.

🏅 Pass-guarantee minimumपास होने के लिए न्यूनतमPass hone ke liye minimum

  • Learn the first four lines of 'Dust of Snow' (or 'Fire and Ice') exactly from your textbook, with title and poet. That is 3 marks.
  • Learn the central idea of A Tiger in the Zoo (cage vs jungle, freedom for animals).
  • Fire and Ice: fire = desire, ice = hatred; both can destroy the world.
  • Dust of Snow: a crow and a hemlock tree change the poet's sad mood.
  • The Trees: nature cannot be kept captive.
  • Write every central idea in 3–4 sentences: poet → what the poem says → the message.
  • 'Dust of Snow' (या 'Fire and Ice') की पहली चार पंक्तियाँ पाठ्यपुस्तक से ठीक-ठीक, शीर्षक और कवि के साथ याद करें। ये 3 अंक हैं।
  • A Tiger in the Zoo का केंद्रीय भाव याद करें (पिंजरा बनाम जंगल, जानवरों की स्वतंत्रता)।
  • Fire and Ice: आग = इच्छा, बर्फ़ = घृणा; दोनों संसार को नष्ट कर सकती हैं।
  • Dust of Snow: एक कौवा और हेमलॉक पेड़ कवि का उदास मन बदल देते हैं।
  • The Trees: प्रकृति को क़ैद नहीं रखा जा सकता।
  • हर केंद्रीय भाव 3–4 वाक्यों में लिखें: कवि → कविता क्या कहती है → संदेश।
  • 'Dust of Snow' (ya 'Fire and Ice') ki pehli chaar lines textbook se theek-theek, title aur poet ke saath yaad kijiye. Ye 3 marks hain.
  • A Tiger in the Zoo ka central idea yaad kijiye (pinjra vs jungle, jaanwaron ki azaadi).
  • Fire and Ice: fire = desire, ice = hatred; dono duniya ko barbaad kar sakti hain.
  • Dust of Snow: ek kauva aur hemlock ped poet ka udaas mood badal dete hain.
  • The Trees: nature ko qaid nahi rakha ja sakta.
  • Har central idea 3–4 sentences mein likhiye: poet → poem kya kehti hai → message.

🎯 1-mark facts that keep comingबार-बार आने वाले 1 अंक के तथ्यBaar baar aane wale 1 mark facts

  • Dust of Snow and Fire and Ice — Robert Frost.
  • A Tiger in the Zoo — Leslie Norris.
  • How to Tell Wild Animals — Carolyn Wells.
  • The Ball Poem — John Berryman.
  • Amanda! — Robin Klein.
  • The Trees — Adrienne Rich.
  • Fog — Carl Sandburg (fog compared to a cat).
  • The Tale of Custard the Dragon — Ogden Nash (Belinda, Ink, Blink, Mustard, Custard).
  • For Anne Gregory — W. B. Yeats (yellow hair).
  • In Dust of Snow the crow sat on a hemlock tree; in Fire and Ice fire = desire, ice = hatred.
  • Dust of Snow और Fire and Ice — रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्ट।
  • A Tiger in the Zoo — लेस्ली नॉरिस।
  • How to Tell Wild Animals — कैरोलिन वेल्स।
  • The Ball Poem — जॉन बेरीमैन।
  • Amanda! — रॉबिन क्लाइन।
  • The Trees — एड्रिएन रिच।
  • Fog — कार्ल सैंडबर्ग (कोहरे की तुलना बिल्ली से)।
  • The Tale of Custard the Dragon — ऑग्डेन नैश (Belinda, Ink, Blink, Mustard, Custard)।
  • For Anne Gregory — डब्ल्यू. बी. यीट्स (पीले बाल)।
  • Dust of Snow में कौवा हेमलॉक पेड़ पर बैठा था; Fire and Ice में आग = इच्छा, बर्फ़ = घृणा।
  • Dust of Snow aur Fire and Ice — Robert Frost.
  • A Tiger in the Zoo — Leslie Norris.
  • How to Tell Wild Animals — Carolyn Wells.
  • The Ball Poem — John Berryman.
  • Amanda! — Robin Klein.
  • The Trees — Adrienne Rich.
  • Fog — Carl Sandburg (fog ki tulna billi se).
  • The Tale of Custard the Dragon — Ogden Nash (Belinda, Ink, Blink, Mustard, Custard).
  • For Anne Gregory — W. B. Yeats (yellow hair).
  • Dust of Snow mein kauva hemlock ped par baitha tha; Fire and Ice mein fire = desire, ice = hatred.
🟡 SCOREस्कोरSCORE

The questions that come every year, with model answers. Most asked first.हर साल आने वाले प्रश्न, आदर्श उत्तरों के साथ। सबसे ज़्यादा पूछे गए पहले।Har saal aane wale sawaal, model answers ke saath. Sabse zyada aaye pehle.

A Tiger in the Zoo — Leslie Norrisए टाइगर इन द ज़ू — लेस्ली नॉरिसA Tiger in the Zoo — Leslie Norris

🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: Leslie Norris. First line: 'He stalks in his vivid stripes'.
  • The poem moves from the zoo to the jungle and back to the zoo, contrasting a caged tiger with a free one.
  • In the zoo: he walks the few steps of his small cage with silent, velvet-soft paws, full of quiet anger. He ignores the visitors, hears the patrolling cars at night, and stares at the bright stars with his brilliant eyes.
  • In the jungle he should be hiding in shadow, sliding through long grass near the water hole, hunting deer, and growling around the houses at the edge of the forest, showing his white fangs and claws to frighten villagers.
  • Central idea: wild animals belong to the wild; captivity makes them helpless and angry. The poem pleads for freedom for animals.
  • Poetic devices: contrast (zoo vs jungle), imagery ('vivid stripes', 'pads of velvet quiet'), alliteration (few steps, quiet rage), and the phrase 'quiet rage' joins opposite ideas.
  • कवि: लेस्ली नॉरिस। पहली पंक्ति: 'He stalks in his vivid stripes'।
  • कविता चिड़ियाघर से जंगल और फिर चिड़ियाघर में लौटती है, पिंजरे में बंद बाघ और आज़ाद बाघ की तुलना करते हुए।
  • चिड़ियाघर में: वह अपने छोटे पिंजरे के कुछ कदम मख़मली, चुप पंजों से चलता है, मन में चुपचाप क्रोध लिए। वह दर्शकों की ओर ध्यान नहीं देता, रात में गश्त करती गाड़ियों की आवाज़ सुनता है, और अपनी चमकती आँखों से तारों को घूरता है।
  • जंगल में उसे छाया में छिपा होना चाहिए, पानी के गड्ढे के पास लंबी घास में सरकते हुए, हिरण का शिकार करते हुए, और जंगल के किनारे के घरों के पास गुर्राते हुए, सफ़ेद दाँत और पंजे दिखाकर गाँव वालों को डराते हुए।
  • केंद्रीय भाव: जंगली जानवर जंगल के हैं; क़ैद उन्हें असहाय और क्रोधित बना देती है। कविता जानवरों की स्वतंत्रता की माँग करती है।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: विरोधाभास/तुलना (चिड़ियाघर बनाम जंगल), बिम्ब ('vivid stripes', 'pads of velvet quiet'), अनुप्रास (few steps, quiet rage), और 'quiet rage' में विपरीत भाव साथ आते हैं।
  • Poet: Leslie Norris. Pehli line: 'He stalks in his vivid stripes'.
  • Poem zoo se jungle aur phir zoo mein lautti hai, pinjre mein band tiger aur azaad tiger ka contrast dikhate hue.
  • Zoo mein: woh apne chhote pinjre ke kuch kadam makhmali, chup panjon se chalta hai, mann mein chupchaap gussa liye. Woh visitors ko ignore karta hai, raat mein patrolling cars ki awaaz sunta hai, aur apni chamakti aankhon se taaron ko ghoorta hai.
  • Jungle mein use chhaon mein chhupa hona chahiye, water hole ke paas lambi ghaas mein sarakte hue, hiran ka shikaar karte hue, aur jungle ke kinare ke gharon ke paas gurraate hue, safed daant aur panje dikhakar gaon walon ko darate hue.
  • Central idea: jungli jaanwar jungle ke hain; qaid unhe bebas aur gussail bana deti hai. Poem jaanwaron ki azaadi ki maang karti hai.
  • Poetic devices: contrast (zoo vs jungle), imagery ('vivid stripes', 'pads of velvet quiet'), alliteration (few steps, quiet rage), aur 'quiet rage' mein ulte bhaav saath aate hain.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

How is a tiger in the zoo different from a tiger in the jungle? (about 40 words)How is a tiger in the zoo different from a tiger in the jungle? (about 40 words)How is a tiger in the zoo different from a tiger in the jungle? (about 40 words)

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • In the zoo the tiger walks up and down a small cage in silent anger and ignores the visitors; at night he can only stare at the stars.
  • In the jungle he would hide in shadows, hunt deer near the water hole and frighten villagers with his fangs and claws.
  • So in the jungle he is free and powerful, but in the zoo he is helpless.
  • In the zoo the tiger walks up and down a small cage in silent anger and ignores the visitors; at night he can only stare at the stars.
  • In the jungle he would hide in shadows, hunt deer near the water hole and frighten villagers with his fangs and claws.
  • So in the jungle he is free and powerful, but in the zoo he is helpless.
  • In the zoo the tiger walks up and down a small cage in silent anger and ignores the visitors; at night he can only stare at the stars.
  • In the jungle he would hide in shadows, hunt deer near the water hole and frighten villagers with his fangs and claws.
  • So in the jungle he is free and powerful, but in the zoo he is helpless.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

Write the central idea of the poem 'A Tiger in the Zoo'.Write the central idea of the poem 'A Tiger in the Zoo'.Write the central idea of the poem 'A Tiger in the Zoo'.

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • The poet Leslie Norris compares a tiger locked in a zoo with a tiger living freely in the jungle.
  • In the cage the strong animal is full of quiet rage and helplessness, while in the forest he would hunt and roam proudly.
  • The poem tells us that wild animals should live in their natural home, not in cages for our amusement.
  • The poet Leslie Norris compares a tiger locked in a zoo with a tiger living freely in the jungle.
  • In the cage the strong animal is full of quiet rage and helplessness, while in the forest he would hunt and roam proudly.
  • The poem tells us that wild animals should live in their natural home, not in cages for our amusement.
  • The poet Leslie Norris compares a tiger locked in a zoo with a tiger living freely in the jungle.
  • In the cage the strong animal is full of quiet rage and helplessness, while in the forest he would hunt and roam proudly.
  • The poem tells us that wild animals should live in their natural home, not in cages for our amusement.

Fire and Ice — Robert Frostफ़ायर एंड आइस — रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्टFire and Ice — Robert Frost

🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: Robert Frost. First line: 'Some say the world will end in fire'.
  • Symbols: fire stands for desire (greed, lust, anger); ice stands for hatred (coldness, indifference).
  • The poet agrees with those who say fire (desire) will end the world, because he has 'tasted' desire.
  • But if the world had to end twice, ice (hatred) would also be 'great' enough to destroy it.
  • Central idea: human desire and hatred are both strong enough to destroy the world; we must control them.
  • Devices: symbolism, contrast (fire vs ice), rhyme, simple language with a deep meaning; written as a short nine-line poem.
  • कवि: रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्ट। पहली पंक्ति: 'Some say the world will end in fire'।
  • प्रतीक: आग इच्छा (लालच, वासना, क्रोध) का प्रतीक है; बर्फ़ घृणा (ठंडापन, उदासीनता) का।
  • कवि उन लोगों से सहमत है जो कहते हैं कि आग (इच्छा) संसार का अंत करेगी, क्योंकि उसने इच्छा का 'स्वाद' चखा है।
  • पर यदि संसार को दो बार नष्ट होना पड़े, तो बर्फ़ (घृणा) भी इसके लिए 'काफ़ी' होगी।
  • केंद्रीय भाव: मनुष्य की इच्छा और घृणा दोनों संसार को नष्ट करने में सक्षम हैं; हमें इन पर नियंत्रण रखना चाहिए।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: प्रतीकात्मकता, विरोधाभास (आग बनाम बर्फ़), तुकांत, सरल भाषा में गहरा अर्थ; नौ पंक्तियों की छोटी कविता।
  • Poet: Robert Frost. Pehli line: 'Some say the world will end in fire'.
  • Symbols: fire desire (laalach, vaasna, gussa) ka symbol hai; ice hatred (thandapan, be-parwahi) ka.
  • Poet un logon se sehmat hai jo kehte hain ki fire (desire) duniya ka ant karegi, kyonki usne desire ka 'swaad' chakha hai.
  • Par agar duniya ko do baar khatam hona pade, to ice (hatred) bhi iske liye 'kaafi' hogi.
  • Central idea: insaan ki desire aur hatred dono duniya ko barbaad kar sakti hain; humein inhe control karna chahiye.
  • Devices: symbolism, contrast (fire vs ice), rhyme, simple language mein gehra meaning; nau lines ki chhoti poem.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

Write the central idea of the poem 'Fire and Ice'. Why does the poet hold with those who favour fire?Write the central idea of the poem 'Fire and Ice'. Why does the poet hold with those who favour fire?Write the central idea of the poem 'Fire and Ice'. Why does the poet hold with those who favour fire?

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • In this short poem Robert Frost uses fire as a symbol of desire and ice as a symbol of hatred.
  • He holds with those who favour fire because, from his own experience of desire, he knows how greed and lust can burn and destroy everything.
  • He adds that hatred, cold like ice, is equally powerful to destroy the world. So we must keep both desire and hatred in control.
  • In this short poem Robert Frost uses fire as a symbol of desire and ice as a symbol of hatred.
  • He holds with those who favour fire because, from his own experience of desire, he knows how greed and lust can burn and destroy everything.
  • He adds that hatred, cold like ice, is equally powerful to destroy the world. So we must keep both desire and hatred in control.
  • In this short poem Robert Frost uses fire as a symbol of desire and ice as a symbol of hatred.
  • He holds with those who favour fire because, from his own experience of desire, he knows how greed and lust can burn and destroy everything.
  • He adds that hatred, cold like ice, is equally powerful to destroy the world. So we must keep both desire and hatred in control.

Dust of Snow — Robert Frostडस्ट ऑफ़ स्नो — रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्टDust of Snow — Robert Frost

🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: Robert Frost. First line: 'The way a crow'.
  • The poet was sad and had wasted (regretted) his day. A crow sitting on a hemlock tree shook down fine snow (dust of snow) on him.
  • This small event changed his mood; the rest of the day was saved from regret.
  • The crow and the hemlock (a poisonous tree) are usually signs of sorrow and bad luck, yet here they bring joy. Nature can heal us in small ways.
  • Central idea / message: small, simple moments in nature can change a sad mood into a happy one; do not let one bad part spoil the whole day.
  • Devices: symbolism (crow, hemlock), imagery, rhyme scheme abab, one long sentence in eight short lines.
  • कवि: रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्ट। पहली पंक्ति: 'The way a crow'।
  • कवि उदास था और उसका दिन व्यर्थ (पछतावे भरा) जा रहा था। हेमलॉक पेड़ पर बैठे एक कौवे ने उस पर बारीक बर्फ़ (dust of snow) गिरा दी।
  • इस छोटी घटना से उसका मन बदल गया; दिन का बाकी हिस्सा पछतावे से बच गया।
  • कौवा और हेमलॉक (एक ज़हरीला पेड़) प्रायः दुख और अपशकुन के प्रतीक माने जाते हैं, फिर भी यहाँ वे ख़ुशी लाते हैं। प्रकृति छोटे-छोटे तरीक़ों से हमें ठीक कर सकती है।
  • केंद्रीय भाव / संदेश: प्रकृति के छोटे, सरल क्षण उदास मन को प्रसन्न कर सकते हैं; एक बुरे हिस्से से पूरा दिन ख़राब न होने दें।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: प्रतीक (कौवा, हेमलॉक), बिम्ब, तुकांत योजना abab, आठ छोटी पंक्तियों में एक ही लंबा वाक्य।
  • Poet: Robert Frost. Pehli line: 'The way a crow'.
  • Poet udaas tha aur uska din bekaar (pachhtave bhara) ja raha tha. Hemlock ped par baithe ek kauve ne us par baareek barf (dust of snow) gira di.
  • Is chhoti ghatna se uska mood badal gaya; din ka baaki hissa pachhtave se bach gaya.
  • Kauva aur hemlock (ek zehreela ped) aksar dukh aur apshagun ke symbol maane jaate hain, phir bhi yahan woh khushi laate hain. Nature chhote-chhote tareekon se humein theek kar sakti hai.
  • Central idea / message: nature ke chhote, simple pal udaas mann ko khush kar sakte hain; ek bure hisse se poora din kharab mat hone dijiye.
  • Devices: symbolism (crow, hemlock), imagery, rhyme scheme abab, aath chhoti lines mein ek hi lamba sentence.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

Who composed 'Dust of Snow'? What message does the poet give through it? How did the poet's mood change?Who composed 'Dust of Snow'? What message does the poet give through it? How did the poet's mood change?Who composed 'Dust of Snow'? What message does the poet give through it? How did the poet's mood change?

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • 'Dust of Snow' was written by Robert Frost.
  • The poet was in a sad mood. When a crow shook dust of snow on him from a hemlock tree, his mood changed and the rest of his day was saved.
  • Message: small things of nature can bring joy and change our mood; we should not let sadness spoil the whole day.
  • 'Dust of Snow' was written by Robert Frost.
  • The poet was in a sad mood. When a crow shook dust of snow on him from a hemlock tree, his mood changed and the rest of his day was saved.
  • Message: small things of nature can bring joy and change our mood; we should not let sadness spoil the whole day.
  • 'Dust of Snow' was written by Robert Frost.
  • The poet was in a sad mood. When a crow shook dust of snow on him from a hemlock tree, his mood changed and the rest of his day was saved.
  • Message: small things of nature can bring joy and change our mood; we should not let sadness spoil the whole day.

'Write four lines of any poem' and explaining a stanza'Write four lines of any poem' और पद्यांश की व्याख्या'Write four lines of any poem' aur stanza explain karna

🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
Old syllabus (2011–2020): also in 10 of 10 yearsपुराना सिलेबस (2011–2020): 10 में से 10 वर्ष भी आयाPurane syllabus (2011–2020) mein bhi 10/10 saal aaya
  • Q13 often says: 'Write four lines of any poem prescribed in your syllabus (do not copy the lines given in this question paper).' This is an easy 3 marks.
  • Choose one short poem you know perfectly from your textbook, such as 'Dust of Snow' or 'Fire and Ice' (both by Robert Frost). Learn its first four lines exactly from the book, with spelling and punctuation.
  • Write the title of the poem and the poet's name below the lines. Do not write lines that are printed in the extract of the same paper.
  • For extract MCQs and stanza questions, use this order: Reference (poem + poet) → Context (what is happening) → Explanation in your own words → Poetic beauty (devices, rhyme, imagery).
  • To identify a stanza, look at the key words: crow/hemlock → Dust of Snow; cage/stripes → A Tiger in the Zoo; desire/hate → Fire and Ice; yellow hair → For Anne Gregory; Belinda/Custard → The Tale of Custard the Dragon.
  • Questions on an extract usually ask: name of the poem and poet, the meaning of a word, and what a line tells us.
  • Q13 में अक्सर आता है: 'Write four lines of any poem prescribed in your syllabus (do not copy the lines given in this question paper).' ये आसान 3 अंक हैं।
  • अपनी पाठ्यपुस्तक की कोई छोटी कविता चुनें जो आपको पूरी याद हो, जैसे 'Dust of Snow' या 'Fire and Ice' (दोनों रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्ट की)। उसकी पहली चार पंक्तियाँ किताब से ठीक-ठीक, वर्तनी और विराम-चिह्नों सहित याद करें।
  • पंक्तियों के नीचे कविता का शीर्षक और कवि का नाम लिखें। वे पंक्तियाँ न लिखें जो उसी पेपर के पद्यांश में छपी हैं।
  • पद्यांश के MCQ और व्याख्या के लिए क्रम: सन्दर्भ (कविता + कवि) → प्रसंग (क्या हो रहा है) → अपने शब्दों में व्याख्या → काव्य-सौन्दर्य (अलंकार, तुक, बिम्ब)।
  • पद्यांश पहचानने के लिए मुख्य शब्द देखें: crow/hemlock → Dust of Snow; cage/stripes → A Tiger in the Zoo; desire/hate → Fire and Ice; yellow hair → For Anne Gregory; Belinda/Custard → The Tale of Custard the Dragon।
  • पद्यांश पर प्रश्न प्रायः पूछते हैं: कविता और कवि का नाम, किसी शब्द का अर्थ, और कोई पंक्ति क्या बताती है।
  • Q13 mein aksar aata hai: 'Write four lines of any poem prescribed in your syllabus (do not copy the lines given in this question paper).' Ye aasaan 3 marks hain.
  • Apni textbook ki koi chhoti poem chuniye jo aapko poori yaad ho, jaise 'Dust of Snow' ya 'Fire and Ice' (dono Robert Frost ki). Uski pehli chaar lines book se theek-theek, spelling aur punctuation ke saath yaad kijiye.
  • Lines ke neeche poem ka title aur poet ka naam likhiye. Woh lines mat likhiye jo usi paper ke extract mein chhapi hain.
  • Extract MCQ aur stanza questions ke liye order: Reference (poem + poet) → Context (kya ho raha hai) → apne words mein Explanation → Poetic beauty (devices, rhyme, imagery).
  • Stanza pehchanne ke liye key words dekhiye: crow/hemlock → Dust of Snow; cage/stripes → A Tiger in the Zoo; desire/hate → Fire and Ice; yellow hair → For Anne Gregory; Belinda/Custard → The Tale of Custard the Dragon.
  • Extract par questions aksar poochhte hain: poem aur poet ka naam, kisi word ka meaning, aur koi line kya batati hai.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

How to explain a stanza (model plan for the stanza beginning 'He stalks in his vivid stripes').How to explain a stanza (model plan for the stanza beginning 'He stalks in his vivid stripes').How to explain a stanza (model plan for the stanza beginning 'He stalks in his vivid stripes').

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • Reference: These lines are from the poem 'A Tiger in the Zoo' by Leslie Norris.
  • Context: The poet describes a tiger locked in a cage in a zoo.
  • Explanation: The striped tiger walks up and down the few steps of his small cage. His soft paws make no sound, but he is full of silent anger at losing his freedom.
  • Poetic beauty: imagery of the bright stripes and velvet paws; alliteration; 'quiet rage' joins two opposite ideas.
  • Reference: These lines are from the poem 'A Tiger in the Zoo' by Leslie Norris.
  • Context: The poet describes a tiger locked in a cage in a zoo.
  • Explanation: The striped tiger walks up and down the few steps of his small cage. His soft paws make no sound, but he is full of silent anger at losing his freedom.
  • Poetic beauty: imagery of the bright stripes and velvet paws; alliteration; 'quiet rage' joins two opposite ideas.
  • Reference: These lines are from the poem 'A Tiger in the Zoo' by Leslie Norris.
  • Context: The poet describes a tiger locked in a cage in a zoo.
  • Explanation: The striped tiger walks up and down the few steps of his small cage. His soft paws make no sound, but he is full of silent anger at losing his freedom.
  • Poetic beauty: imagery of the bright stripes and velvet paws; alliteration; 'quiet rage' joins two opposite ideas.

The Trees — Adrienne Richद ट्रीज़ — एड्रिएन रिचThe Trees — Adrienne Rich

🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: Adrienne Rich. First line: 'The trees inside are moving out into the forest'.
  • The trees kept inside a house (as potted plants or in a decorative way) are moving out at night into the empty forest, where there are no trees and no birds.
  • Their roots work to free themselves, their leaves strain towards the window glass, and their long-cramped branches shuffle under the roof like patients just discharged from a hospital.
  • The poet sits inside writing letters and does not mention it; by morning the house is empty of trees and the forest is full again. The moon is 'broken like a mirror' through the branches.
  • Central idea: nature cannot be kept captive; it wants to be free. The poem can also be read as a struggle for freedom by anyone who is kept confined.
  • Devices: personification (trees move, whisper), simile ('like newly discharged patients', 'like a mirror'), imagery.
  • कवयित्री: एड्रिएन रिच। पहली पंक्ति: 'The trees inside are moving out into the forest'।
  • घर के अंदर रखे पेड़ (गमलों में या सजावट के लिए) रात में बाहर ख़ाली जंगल की ओर जा रहे हैं, जहाँ न पेड़ हैं न पक्षी।
  • उनकी जड़ें ख़ुद को छुड़ाने में लगी हैं, पत्तियाँ खिड़की के शीशे की ओर ज़ोर लगाती हैं, और लंबे समय से सिकुड़ी शाखाएँ छत के नीचे ऐसे सरकती हैं जैसे अस्पताल से अभी छुट्टी पाए मरीज़।
  • कवयित्री अंदर बैठकर पत्र लिखती है और इसका ज़िक्र नहीं करती; सुबह तक घर पेड़ों से ख़ाली और जंगल फिर भरा होगा। शाखाओं के बीच चाँद 'शीशे की तरह टूटा' दिखता है।
  • केंद्रीय भाव: प्रकृति को क़ैद नहीं रखा जा सकता; वह स्वतंत्र होना चाहती है। इसे बंधन में रखे किसी भी व्यक्ति के स्वतंत्रता-संघर्ष के रूप में भी पढ़ा जा सकता है।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: मानवीकरण (पेड़ चलते, फुसफुसाते हैं), उपमा ('like newly discharged patients', 'like a mirror'), बिम्ब।
  • Poetess: Adrienne Rich. Pehli line: 'The trees inside are moving out into the forest'.
  • Ghar ke andar rakhe ped (gamlon mein ya sajawat ke liye) raat mein bahar khaali jungle ki taraf ja rahe hain, jahan na ped hain na panchhi.
  • Unki jadein khud ko chhudane mein lagi hain, pattiyan khidki ke sheeshe ki taraf zor lagati hain, aur lambe samay se sikudi shaakhayein chhat ke neeche aise sarakti hain jaise hospital se abhi chhutti paaye mareez.
  • Poetess andar baithkar letters likhti hai aur iska zikr nahi karti; subah tak ghar pedon se khaali aur jungle phir bhara hoga. Shaakhaon ke beech chaand 'sheeshe ki tarah toota' dikhta hai.
  • Central idea: nature ko qaid nahi rakha ja sakta; woh azaad hona chahti hai. Ise bandhan mein rakhe kisi bhi insaan ke freedom struggle ki tarah bhi padha ja sakta hai.
  • Devices: personification (ped chalte, phusphusate hain), simile ('like newly discharged patients', 'like a mirror'), imagery.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

Write the central idea of the poem 'The Trees'. Where are the trees in the poem?Write the central idea of the poem 'The Trees'. Where are the trees in the poem?Write the central idea of the poem 'The Trees'. Where are the trees in the poem?

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • In the poem by Adrienne Rich, the trees are inside the poet's house, kept as decoration.
  • At night they struggle to move out into the empty forest, where they belong.
  • The poem shows that nature cannot be imprisoned; man has taken trees away from the forest, but they long to be free again.
  • In the poem by Adrienne Rich, the trees are inside the poet's house, kept as decoration.
  • At night they struggle to move out into the empty forest, where they belong.
  • The poem shows that nature cannot be imprisoned; man has taken trees away from the forest, but they long to be free again.
  • In the poem by Adrienne Rich, the trees are inside the poet's house, kept as decoration.
  • At night they struggle to move out into the empty forest, where they belong.
  • The poem shows that nature cannot be imprisoned; man has taken trees away from the forest, but they long to be free again.

Amanda! — Robin Kleinअमांडा! — रॉबिन क्लाइनAmanda! — Robin Klein

🔥 Asked in 5 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 5 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 5/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came every yearहर वर्ष आयाHar saal aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: Robin Klein. First line: 'Don't bite your nails, Amanda!'.
  • An adult (probably her mother) keeps giving Amanda orders: don't bite your nails, don't hunch your shoulders, sit up straight, finish your homework, clean your shoes, don't eat chocolate (pimples), stop sulking.
  • The lines in brackets show Amanda's imagination: she dreams of being a mermaid alone in a calm green sea, an orphan roaming free in the street, and Rapunzel living peacefully in a tower who would never let her hair down.
  • Amanda is a sensitive, imaginative girl who wants freedom from constant nagging. She does not want to be disturbed.
  • Central idea: children need freedom and love, not continuous instructions; too much nagging makes them withdraw into a dream world.
  • Devices: repetition of 'Amanda!', contrast between the orders and her dreams (in brackets), allusion (Rapunzel), imagery.
  • कवयित्री: रॉबिन क्लाइन। पहली पंक्ति: 'Don't bite your nails, Amanda!'।
  • एक बड़ा (शायद उसकी माँ) अमांडा को लगातार आदेश देता है: नाख़ून मत चबाओ, कंधे मत झुकाओ, सीधी बैठो, होमवर्क पूरा करो, जूते साफ़ करो, चॉकलेट मत खाओ (मुँहासे), मुँह मत फुलाओ।
  • कोष्ठक की पंक्तियाँ अमांडा की कल्पना दिखाती हैं: वह शांत हरे समुद्र में अकेली जलपरी, सड़कों पर आज़ाद घूमती अनाथ, और मीनार में शांति से रहने वाली रपुंज़ेल बनने का सपना देखती है जो कभी अपने बाल नीचे नहीं लटकाएगी।
  • अमांडा एक संवेदनशील, कल्पनाशील लड़की है जो लगातार टोका-टाकी से मुक्ति चाहती है। वह परेशान नहीं होना चाहती।
  • केंद्रीय भाव: बच्चों को लगातार निर्देश नहीं, स्वतंत्रता और प्रेम चाहिए; अधिक टोकने से वे सपनों की दुनिया में चले जाते हैं।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: 'Amanda!' की आवृत्ति, आदेशों और कोष्ठक के सपनों में विरोध, संदर्भ (Rapunzel), बिम्ब।
  • Poetess: Robin Klein. Pehli line: 'Don't bite your nails, Amanda!'.
  • Ek bada (shayad uski maa) Amanda ko lagaataar orders deta hai: naakhun mat chabao, kandhe mat jhukao, seedhi baitho, homework poora karo, joote saaf karo, chocolate mat khao (pimples), munh mat phulao.
  • Brackets ki lines Amanda ki kalpana dikhati hain: woh shaant hare samundar mein akeli mermaid, sadkon par azaad ghoomti orphan, aur tower mein shaanti se rehne wali Rapunzel banne ka sapna dekhti hai jo kabhi apne baal neeche nahi latkayegi.
  • Amanda ek sensitive, imaginative ladki hai jo lagaataar tokne se azaadi chahti hai. Woh disturb nahi hona chahti.
  • Central idea: bachchon ko lagaataar instructions nahi, azaadi aur pyaar chahiye; zyada tokne se woh sapnon ki duniya mein chale jaate hain.
  • Devices: 'Amanda!' ka repetition, orders aur brackets ke sapnon mein contrast, allusion (Rapunzel), imagery.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

What kind of girl is Amanda? What kind of life does she want to live?What kind of girl is Amanda? What kind of life does she want to live?What kind of girl is Amanda? What kind of life does she want to live?

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • Amanda is a young, sensitive and imaginative girl who is tired of being scolded all the time.
  • She wants a free and peaceful life without orders.
  • She imagines herself as a mermaid in a calm sea, an orphan roaming freely, and Rapunzel living alone in a tower, which shows her wish to be left alone and free.
  • Amanda is a young, sensitive and imaginative girl who is tired of being scolded all the time.
  • She wants a free and peaceful life without orders.
  • She imagines herself as a mermaid in a calm sea, an orphan roaming freely, and Rapunzel living alone in a tower, which shows her wish to be left alone and free.
  • Amanda is a young, sensitive and imaginative girl who is tired of being scolded all the time.
  • She wants a free and peaceful life without orders.
  • She imagines herself as a mermaid in a calm sea, an orphan roaming freely, and Rapunzel living alone in a tower, which shows her wish to be left alone and free.

How to Tell Wild Animals — Carolyn Wellsहाउ टू टेल वाइल्ड एनिमल्स — कैरोलिन वेल्सHow to Tell Wild Animals — Carolyn Wells

🔥 Asked in 4 of 5 years🔥 5 में से 4 वर्ष पूछा गया🔥 Aaya hai 4/5 saal🔴 Very importantबहुत महत्वपूर्णBahut important
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: Carolyn Wells. A funny (humorous) poem that 'teaches' how to recognise wild animals — usually only when it is too late.
  • Asian Lion: a large tawny (yellow-brown) beast that roars at you as you are dying.
  • Bengal Tiger: a noble wild beast with black stripes on a yellow ground that greets you and eats you.
  • Leopard: a beast with a spotted hide; you will know it when it has leapt on you.
  • Bear: a creature that hugs you very hard. Hyena: comes with merry smiles. Crocodile: weeps (crocodile tears). Chameleon: a small lizard-like creature with no ears and no wings, sitting on a tree, hard to see because it changes colour.
  • Devices: humour and irony, rhyme, and poetic licence (changing words for rhyme or rhythm, such as 'dyin'' and 'lept').
  • कवयित्री: कैरोलिन वेल्स। एक हास्य कविता जो जंगली जानवरों को पहचानना 'सिखाती' है — प्रायः तब जब बहुत देर हो चुकी हो।
  • एशियाई शेर: बड़ा भूरा-पीला जानवर जो आपके मरते समय आप पर दहाड़ता है।
  • बंगाल टाइगर: पीली ज़मीन पर काली धारियों वाला शानदार जानवर जो आपका स्वागत करके आपको खा जाता है।
  • तेंदुआ: धब्बेदार खाल वाला जानवर; जब वह आप पर छलांग लगा दे तब आप पहचानेंगे।
  • भालू: जो आपको बहुत ज़ोर से गले लगाए। लकड़बग्घा: खुश मुस्कान के साथ आता है। मगरमच्छ: रोता है (मगरमच्छ के आँसू)। गिरगिट: छोटा छिपकली जैसा जीव, न कान न पंख, पेड़ पर बैठा, रंग बदलने से दिखाई नहीं देता।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: हास्य और व्यंग्य, तुक, और काव्य-स्वतंत्रता (poetic licence) — तुक या लय के लिए शब्द बदलना, जैसे 'dyin'' और 'lept'।
  • Poetess: Carolyn Wells. Ek mazedaar (humorous) poem jo jungli jaanwar pehchanna 'sikhati' hai — aksar tab jab bahut der ho chuki ho.
  • Asian Lion: bada bhoora-peela jaanwar jo aapke marte samay aap par dahaadta hai.
  • Bengal Tiger: peeli zameen par kaali dhaariyon wala shaandaar jaanwar jo aapka swagat karke aapko kha jaata hai.
  • Leopard: dhabbedaar khaal wala jaanwar; jab woh aap par chhalaang laga de tab aap pehchanenge.
  • Bear: jo aapko bahut zor se hug kare. Hyena: khush muskaan ke saath aata hai. Crocodile: rota hai (crocodile tears). Chameleon: chhota chhipkali jaisa jeev, na kaan na pankh, ped par baitha, rang badalne se dikhta nahi.
  • Devices: humour aur irony, rhyme, aur poetic licence (rhyme ya rhythm ke liye words badalna, jaise 'dyin'' aur 'lept').
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

How will you know in the jungle whether it is the Asian Lion or some other beast?How will you know in the jungle whether it is the Asian Lion or some other beast?How will you know in the jungle whether it is the Asian Lion or some other beast?

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • According to the poet, if you meet a large tawny beast in the jungle that roars at you as you are dying, it is the Asian Lion.
  • If a noble beast with black stripes on a yellow skin greets you, it is the Bengal Tiger; if a spotted beast leaps on you, it is the Leopard.
  • The poet says this humorously: you recognise the animal only when it attacks you.
  • According to the poet, if you meet a large tawny beast in the jungle that roars at you as you are dying, it is the Asian Lion.
  • If a noble beast with black stripes on a yellow skin greets you, it is the Bengal Tiger; if a spotted beast leaps on you, it is the Leopard.
  • The poet says this humorously: you recognise the animal only when it attacks you.
  • According to the poet, if you meet a large tawny beast in the jungle that roars at you as you are dying, it is the Asian Lion.
  • If a noble beast with black stripes on a yellow skin greets you, it is the Bengal Tiger; if a spotted beast leaps on you, it is the Leopard.
  • The poet says this humorously: you recognise the animal only when it attacks you.

The Ball Poem — John Berrymanद बॉल पोएम — जॉन बेरीमैनThe Ball Poem — John Berryman

Asked in 3 of 5 years5 में से 3 वर्ष पूछा गयाAaya hai 3/5 saal
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: John Berryman. First line: 'What is the boy now, who has lost his ball'.
  • A boy loses his ball; it bounces down the street into the water (harbour). He stands trembling, staring at the spot.
  • The poet does not want to console him or buy him another ball; it would be of no use, because the boy must learn from this loss.
  • This is his first experience of loss. He learns the 'epistemology of loss' — the nature of losing — and that money cannot buy back what is lost; everyone loses things and must learn to stand up again.
  • Central idea: loss is part of life; growing up means learning to accept loss and take responsibility.
  • Devices: the ball as a symbol of childhood; simple, serious tone.
  • कवि: जॉन बेरीमैन। पहली पंक्ति: 'What is the boy now, who has lost his ball'।
  • एक लड़के की गेंद खो जाती है; वह सड़क पर उछलती हुई पानी (बंदरगाह) में चली जाती है। वह काँपता हुआ उसी जगह को घूरता रहता है।
  • कवि उसे सांत्वना देना या दूसरी गेंद ख़रीदकर देना नहीं चाहता; इसका कोई लाभ नहीं, क्योंकि लड़के को इस हानि से सीखना है।
  • यह उसका हानि का पहला अनुभव है। वह 'हानि का ज्ञान' (epistemology of loss) सीखता है — और यह कि पैसा खोई चीज़ वापस नहीं ला सकता; सब कुछ न कुछ खोते हैं और फिर से खड़े होना सीखना पड़ता है।
  • केंद्रीय भाव: हानि जीवन का हिस्सा है; बड़े होने का अर्थ है हानि को स्वीकार करना और ज़िम्मेदारी लेना।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: गेंद बचपन का प्रतीक; सरल, गंभीर स्वर।
  • Poet: John Berryman. Pehli line: 'What is the boy now, who has lost his ball'.
  • Ek ladke ki ball kho jaati hai; woh sadak par uchhalti hui paani (harbour) mein chali jaati hai. Woh kaanpta hua usi jagah ko ghoorta rehta hai.
  • Poet use dilaasa dena ya doosri ball khareedkar dena nahi chahta; iska koi fayda nahi, kyonki ladke ko is loss se seekhna hai.
  • Yeh uska loss ka pehla experience hai. Woh 'epistemology of loss' (khone ka gyaan) seekhta hai — aur yeh ki paisa khoyi cheez wapas nahi la sakta; sab kuch na kuch khote hain aur phir se khada hona seekhna padta hai.
  • Central idea: loss life ka hissa hai; bada hone ka matlab hai loss ko accept karna aur responsibility lena.
  • Devices: ball bachpan ka symbol; simple, serious tone.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

Write the central idea of 'The Ball Poem'.Write the central idea of 'The Ball Poem'.Write the central idea of 'The Ball Poem'.

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • In 'The Ball Poem' John Berryman describes a boy who loses his ball in the water.
  • The poet does not give him another ball, because the boy must learn to bear his first loss.
  • The poem teaches that loss is a part of life; money cannot buy back what is lost, and growing up means accepting loss bravely.
  • In 'The Ball Poem' John Berryman describes a boy who loses his ball in the water.
  • The poet does not give him another ball, because the boy must learn to bear his first loss.
  • The poem teaches that loss is a part of life; money cannot buy back what is lost, and growing up means accepting loss bravely.
  • In 'The Ball Poem' John Berryman describes a boy who loses his ball in the water.
  • The poet does not give him another ball, because the boy must learn to bear his first loss.
  • The poem teaches that loss is a part of life; money cannot buy back what is lost, and growing up means accepting loss bravely.

Fog — Carl Sandburgफ़ॉग — कार्ल सैंडबर्गFog — Carl Sandburg

Asked in 3 of 5 years5 में से 3 वर्ष पूछा गयाAaya hai 3/5 saal
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: Carl Sandburg. A very short poem in free verse (no rhyme).
  • The fog is compared to a cat: it comes silently on small cat feet, sits on its haunches looking over the harbour and the city, and then moves on.
  • Central idea: the fog comes quietly, stays for a while and leaves silently, just like a cat.
  • Device: metaphor (fog = cat) running through the whole poem; personification; free verse.
  • कवि: कार्ल सैंडबर्ग। मुक्त छंद (बिना तुक) में बहुत छोटी कविता।
  • कोहरे की तुलना बिल्ली से है: वह छोटे बिल्ली-पैरों पर चुपचाप आता है, बंदरगाह और शहर को देखते हुए पंजों के बल बैठता है, और फिर आगे बढ़ जाता है।
  • केंद्रीय भाव: कोहरा चुपचाप आता है, थोड़ी देर ठहरता है और बिल्ली की तरह चुपचाप चला जाता है।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: पूरी कविता में रूपक (कोहरा = बिल्ली); मानवीकरण; मुक्त छंद।
  • Poet: Carl Sandburg. Free verse (bina rhyme) mein bahut chhoti poem.
  • Fog ki tulna billi se hai: woh chhote billi-pairon par chupchaap aata hai, harbour aur city ko dekhte hue panjon ke bal baithta hai, aur phir aage badh jaata hai.
  • Central idea: fog chupchaap aata hai, thodi der rukta hai aur billi ki tarah chupchaap chala jaata hai.
  • Device: poori poem mein metaphor (fog = cat); personification; free verse.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

How does the fog come, as described in the poem 'Fog'?How does the fog come, as described in the poem 'Fog'?How does the fog come, as described in the poem 'Fog'?

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • The poet says the fog comes silently, like a cat walking on its little feet.
  • It sits for a while looking over the harbour and the city, like a cat sitting on its haunches.
  • Then it quietly moves on. The whole poem compares the fog to a cat.
  • The poet says the fog comes silently, like a cat walking on its little feet.
  • It sits for a while looking over the harbour and the city, like a cat sitting on its haunches.
  • Then it quietly moves on. The whole poem compares the fog to a cat.
  • The poet says the fog comes silently, like a cat walking on its little feet.
  • It sits for a while looking over the harbour and the city, like a cat sitting on its haunches.
  • Then it quietly moves on. The whole poem compares the fog to a cat.

The Tale of Custard the Dragon — Ogden Nashद टेल ऑफ़ कस्टर्ड द ड्रैगन — ऑग्डेन नैशThe Tale of Custard the Dragon — Ogden Nash

Asked in 3 of 5 years5 में से 3 वर्ष पूछा गयाAaya hai 3/5 saal
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: Ogden Nash. A funny ballad (story poem).
  • Belinda lived in a little white house with a little black kitten Ink, a little grey mouse Blink, a little yellow dog Mustard, and a little pet dragon Custard.
  • Custard looked fierce (sharp teeth, spikes, scales) but was a coward. The others teased him and called themselves brave.
  • One night a pirate climbed in through the window with pistols. Everyone ran and hid; Custard jumped at the pirate and gobbled him up.
  • After this, the others still claimed they were braver than Custard, and Custard modestly agreed. Message: true courage is shown in danger, not in boasting.
  • Devices: humour, rhyme in couplets, repetition, onomatopoeia and playful spellings (like 'winda' for window).
  • कवि: ऑग्डेन नैश। एक हास्य गाथा-कविता (ballad)।
  • बेलिंडा एक छोटे सफ़ेद घर में रहती थी, एक काले बिल्ली के बच्चे Ink, एक भूरे चूहे Blink, एक पीले कुत्ते Mustard और एक पालतू ड्रैगन Custard के साथ।
  • Custard डरावना दिखता था (नुकीले दाँत, काँटे, शल्क) पर डरपोक था। बाकी उसे चिढ़ाते और ख़ुद को बहादुर कहते थे।
  • एक रात एक समुद्री डाकू पिस्तौल लिए खिड़की से अंदर आया। सब भागकर छिप गए; Custard डाकू पर झपटा और उसे निगल गया।
  • इसके बाद भी बाकी ख़ुद को Custard से बहादुर बताते रहे, और Custard ने विनम्रता से मान लिया। संदेश: सच्चा साहस संकट में दिखता है, डींग मारने में नहीं।
  • काव्य-सौन्दर्य: हास्य, दोहों में तुक, आवृत्ति, ध्वन्यात्मक शब्द और मज़ेदार वर्तनी (जैसे window के लिए 'winda')।
  • Poet: Ogden Nash. Ek mazedaar ballad (kahani wali poem).
  • Belinda ek chhote safed ghar mein rehti thi, ek kaale kitten Ink, ek grey mouse Blink, ek peele kutte Mustard aur ek pet dragon Custard ke saath.
  • Custard daravna dikhta tha (nukile daant, spikes, scales) par darpok tha. Baaki use chidhaate aur khud ko bahadur kehte the.
  • Ek raat ek pirate pistol liye khidki se andar aaya. Sab bhaagkar chhup gaye; Custard pirate par jhapta aur use nigal gaya.
  • Iske baad bhi baaki khud ko Custard se bahadur batate rahe, aur Custard ne vinamrata se maan liya. Message: sachchi bahaduri musibat mein dikhti hai, deeng maarne mein nahi.
  • Devices: humour, couplets mein rhyme, repetition, sound words aur mazedaar spellings (jaise window ke liye 'winda').
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

Write the central idea of 'The Tale of Custard the Dragon'.Write the central idea of 'The Tale of Custard the Dragon'.Write the central idea of 'The Tale of Custard the Dragon'.

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • In this funny ballad by Ogden Nash, Belinda's pet dragon Custard is called a coward by everyone.
  • When a pirate attacks, all the 'brave' pets hide, but Custard fights and eats the pirate.
  • The poem shows that real courage is proved in danger, and that people who boast are often not brave.
  • In this funny ballad by Ogden Nash, Belinda's pet dragon Custard is called a coward by everyone.
  • When a pirate attacks, all the 'brave' pets hide, but Custard fights and eats the pirate.
  • The poem shows that real courage is proved in danger, and that people who boast are often not brave.
  • In this funny ballad by Ogden Nash, Belinda's pet dragon Custard is called a coward by everyone.
  • When a pirate attacks, all the 'brave' pets hide, but Custard fights and eats the pirate.
  • The poem shows that real courage is proved in danger, and that people who boast are often not brave.

For Anne Gregory — W. B. Yeatsफ़ॉर ऐन ग्रेगरी — डब्ल्यू. बी. यीट्सFor Anne Gregory — W. B. Yeats

Asked in 3 of 5 years5 में से 3 वर्ष पूछा गयाAaya hai 3/5 saal
Came / not askedआया / नहीं आयाAaya / nahi aaya: 20222023202420252026
  • Poet: William Butler Yeats. The poem is a conversation between a young woman, Anne Gregory, and the speaker.
  • The speaker says young men will love her only for her beautiful yellow hair, not for herself.
  • Anne replies that she can dye her hair brown, black or carrot so that men love her for herself alone.
  • The speaker says he heard an old religious man say that only God could love her for herself alone and not her yellow hair.
  • Central idea: people are attracted by outer beauty; only God loves us for our inner self. Inner beauty matters more.
  • कवि: विलियम बटलर यीट्स। कविता एक युवती ऐन ग्रेगरी और वक्ता के बीच संवाद है।
  • वक्ता कहता है कि युवक उससे केवल उसके सुंदर पीले (सुनहरे) बालों के कारण प्रेम करेंगे, उसके अपने लिए नहीं।
  • ऐन उत्तर देती है कि वह बालों को भूरा, काला या गाजरी रंग सकती है ताकि लोग उसे केवल उसके लिए प्रेम करें।
  • वक्ता कहता है कि उसने एक बूढ़े धार्मिक व्यक्ति से सुना है कि केवल ईश्वर ही उसे उसके अपने लिए प्रेम कर सकता है, पीले बालों के लिए नहीं।
  • केंद्रीय भाव: लोग बाहरी सुंदरता से आकर्षित होते हैं; केवल ईश्वर हमारे आंतरिक स्वरूप से प्रेम करता है। आंतरिक सुंदरता अधिक महत्वपूर्ण है।
  • Poet: William Butler Yeats. Poem ek young woman Anne Gregory aur speaker ke beech baatcheet hai.
  • Speaker kehta hai ki jawan ladke usse sirf uske sundar peele (golden) baalon ki wajah se pyaar karenge, uske apne liye nahi.
  • Anne jawab deti hai ki woh baal brown, black ya carrot rang sakti hai taaki log use sirf uske liye pyaar karein.
  • Speaker kehta hai ki usne ek boodhe religious aadmi se suna hai ki sirf God hi use uske apne liye pyaar kar sakta hai, peele baalon ke liye nahi.
  • Central idea: log bahari sundarta se attract hote hain; sirf God hamare andar ke insaan se pyaar karta hai. Andar ki sundarta zyada zaroori hai.
Repeated questionबार-बार पूछा गया प्रश्नBaar baar aaya sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

Write the central idea of 'For Anne Gregory'.Write the central idea of 'For Anne Gregory'.Write the central idea of 'For Anne Gregory'.

✅ Model answerआदर्श उत्तरModel answer
  • The poem is a conversation between the speaker and a young girl, Anne Gregory, who has beautiful yellow hair.
  • The speaker says young men will love her only for her hair; Anne says she can dye it so that she is loved for herself.
  • The speaker replies that only God can love a person for her inner self. The poem says outer beauty attracts people, but inner beauty is what truly matters.
  • The poem is a conversation between the speaker and a young girl, Anne Gregory, who has beautiful yellow hair.
  • The speaker says young men will love her only for her hair; Anne says she can dye it so that she is loved for herself.
  • The speaker replies that only God can love a person for her inner self. The poem says outer beauty attracts people, but inner beauty is what truly matters.
  • The poem is a conversation between the speaker and a young girl, Anne Gregory, who has beautiful yellow hair.
  • The speaker says young men will love her only for her hair; Anne says she can dye it so that she is loved for herself.
  • The speaker replies that only God can love a person for her inner self. The poem says outer beauty attracts people, but inner beauty is what truly matters.
🔴 TOPPERटॉपरTOPPER

Full derivations, tricky questions, common mistakes and quick revision.पूरी व्युत्पत्तियाँ, कठिन प्रश्न, आम गलतियाँ और त्वरित पुनरावृत्ति।Poori derivations, tricky sawaal, aam galtiyan aur quick revision.

🧠 Tricky questionकठिन प्रश्नTricky sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

How can 'ice' be great enough to end the world? Do you agree with the poet?How can 'ice' be great enough to end the world? Do you agree with the poet?How can 'ice' be great enough to end the world? Do you agree with the poet?

✅ Answerउत्तरJawab
  • Ice stands for hatred. Hatred makes people cold and cruel towards each other; it leads to fights, wars and the breaking of society.
  • Slowly it can destroy the world just as surely as fire (desire).
  • Yes, I agree: both greed and hatred are dangerous, and peace needs control of both.
  • Ice stands for hatred. Hatred makes people cold and cruel towards each other; it leads to fights, wars and the breaking of society.
  • Slowly it can destroy the world just as surely as fire (desire).
  • Yes, I agree: both greed and hatred are dangerous, and peace needs control of both.
  • Ice stands for hatred. Hatred makes people cold and cruel towards each other; it leads to fights, wars and the breaking of society.
  • Slowly it can destroy the world just as surely as fire (desire).
  • Yes, I agree: both greed and hatred are dangerous, and peace needs control of both.
🧠 Tricky questionकठिन प्रश्नTricky sawaal · 3 marks3 अंक3 marks

Why does the poet use a crow and a hemlock tree instead of a beautiful bird and tree?Why does the poet use a crow and a hemlock tree instead of a beautiful bird and tree?Why does the poet use a crow and a hemlock tree instead of a beautiful bird and tree?

✅ Answerउत्तरJawab
  • The crow and the hemlock are usually linked with sorrow, bad luck and poison.
  • By showing that even they can cheer him up, the poet suggests that joy can come from the most ordinary or unpleasant things.
  • It makes the change of mood more surprising and meaningful.
  • The crow and the hemlock are usually linked with sorrow, bad luck and poison.
  • By showing that even they can cheer him up, the poet suggests that joy can come from the most ordinary or unpleasant things.
  • It makes the change of mood more surprising and meaningful.
  • The crow and the hemlock are usually linked with sorrow, bad luck and poison.
  • By showing that even they can cheer him up, the poet suggests that joy can come from the most ordinary or unpleasant things.
  • It makes the change of mood more surprising and meaningful.

⚠️ Common mistakesआम गलतियाँAam galtiyan

  • Writing Dust of Snow by another poet → both Dust of Snow and Fire and Ice are by Robert Frost.
  • Copying the lines printed in the extract for 'write four lines' → choose a different poem.
  • Wrong spellings in the four lines → each mistake can cost marks; learn them from the book.
  • Central idea written as a story only → end with the message of the poem.
  • Mixing up The Trees (Adrienne Rich) with A Tiger in the Zoo (Leslie Norris).
  • Dust of Snow किसी दूसरे कवि की लिखना → Dust of Snow और Fire and Ice दोनों रॉबर्ट फ्रॉस्ट की हैं।
  • 'चार पंक्तियाँ' में पद्यांश में छपी पंक्तियाँ उतारना → दूसरी कविता चुनें।
  • चार पंक्तियों में ग़लत वर्तनी → हर ग़लती अंक काट सकती है; किताब से याद करें।
  • केंद्रीय भाव केवल कहानी की तरह लिखना → अंत में कविता का संदेश लिखें।
  • The Trees (एड्रिएन रिच) और A Tiger in the Zoo (लेस्ली नॉरिस) में गड़बड़।
  • Dust of Snow kisi doosre poet ki likhna → Dust of Snow aur Fire and Ice dono Robert Frost ki hain.
  • 'Four lines' mein extract mein chhapi lines copy karna → doosri poem chuniye.
  • Four lines mein galat spelling → har galti marks kaat sakti hai; book se yaad kijiye.
  • Central idea sirf kahani ki tarah likhna → end mein poem ka message likhiye.
  • The Trees (Adrienne Rich) aur A Tiger in the Zoo (Leslie Norris) mein gadbad.

💎 Rarely asked but importantकम पूछा गया पर ज़रूरीKam aaya par zaroori

  • Poetic licence (How to Tell Wild Animals): the poet changes spelling or grammar for rhyme, e.g. 'dyin'' and 'lept'.
  • Free verse (Fog): a poem without rhyme or a fixed metre.
  • काव्य-स्वतंत्रता (How to Tell Wild Animals): तुक के लिए कवि वर्तनी या व्याकरण बदल देता है, जैसे 'dyin'' और 'lept'।
  • मुक्त छंद (Fog): बिना तुक या निश्चित मात्रा की कविता।
  • Poetic licence (How to Tell Wild Animals): rhyme ke liye poet spelling ya grammar badal deta hai, jaise 'dyin'' aur 'lept'.
  • Free verse (Fog): bina rhyme ya fixed metre ki poem.

⚡ Quick revisionत्वरित पुनरावृत्तिQuick revision

  • Poetry = 8 marks: 2 MCQs + 3-mark question/four lines + 3-mark central idea.
  • Tiger: cage vs jungle; freedom for wild animals.
  • Fire and Ice: desire and hatred can destroy the world.
  • Dust of Snow: small moment of nature changes mood.
  • Trees: nature wants freedom; personification and simile.
  • Amanda: nagging vs imagination (mermaid, orphan, Rapunzel).
  • Ball Poem: first lesson of loss.
  • Fog: fog = cat (metaphor).
  • Custard: real courage vs boasting.
  • Anne Gregory: inner beauty; only God loves us for ourselves.
  • Stanza plan: reference → context → explanation → poetic beauty.
  • पद्य = 8 अंक: 2 MCQ + 3 अंक प्रश्न/चार पंक्तियाँ + 3 अंक केंद्रीय भाव।
  • Tiger: पिंजरा बनाम जंगल; जंगली जानवरों की स्वतंत्रता।
  • Fire and Ice: इच्छा और घृणा संसार को नष्ट कर सकती हैं।
  • Dust of Snow: प्रकृति का छोटा क्षण मन बदल देता है।
  • Trees: प्रकृति स्वतंत्रता चाहती है; मानवीकरण और उपमा।
  • Amanda: टोका-टाकी बनाम कल्पना (जलपरी, अनाथ, रपुंज़ेल)।
  • Ball Poem: हानि का पहला पाठ।
  • Fog: कोहरा = बिल्ली (रूपक)।
  • Custard: सच्चा साहस बनाम डींग।
  • Anne Gregory: आंतरिक सुंदरता; केवल ईश्वर हमें हमारे लिए प्रेम करता है।
  • व्याख्या क्रम: सन्दर्भ → प्रसंग → व्याख्या → काव्य-सौन्दर्य।
  • Poetry = 8 marks: 2 MCQ + 3 marks question/four lines + 3 marks central idea.
  • Tiger: pinjra vs jungle; jungli jaanwaron ki azaadi.
  • Fire and Ice: desire aur hatred duniya ko barbaad kar sakti hain.
  • Dust of Snow: nature ka chhota pal mood badal deta hai.
  • Trees: nature azaadi chahti hai; personification aur simile.
  • Amanda: tokna vs kalpana (mermaid, orphan, Rapunzel).
  • Ball Poem: loss ka pehla sabak.
  • Fog: fog = cat (metaphor).
  • Custard: sachchi bahaduri vs deeng.
  • Anne Gregory: andar ki sundarta; sirf God humein humare liye pyaar karta hai.
  • Stanza plan: reference → context → explanation → poetic beauty.

🚫 Removed, skip itहटाया गया, इसे छोड़ देंHata diya gaya, ise chhod dijiye

  • Animals (Walt Whitman) — not in the current First Flight / 2026-27 syllabus, though a few recent papers still asked it. Skip it unless your teacher says otherwise.Animals (वॉल्ट व्हिटमैन) — वर्तमान First Flight / 2026-27 पाठ्यक्रम में नहीं है, हालाँकि कुछ हाल के पेपरों में पूछी गई। शिक्षक न कहें तो छोड़ दें।Animals (Walt Whitman) — current First Flight / 2026-27 syllabus mein nahi hai, haalanki kuch recent papers mein poochhi gayi. Teacher na kahein to chhod dijiye.
📝 All English chaptersअंग्रेज़ी के सभी अध्यायEnglish ke saare chapters

Notes written by Simple Learning Hub from the current NCERT syllabus. Year counts come only from UP Board papers we actually read.नोट्स Simple Learning Hub ने वर्तमान NCERT पाठ्यक्रम से लिखे हैं। वर्षों की गिनती केवल उन यूपी बोर्ड पेपरों से है जो हमने सच में पढ़े।Notes Simple Learning Hub ne current NCERT syllabus se likhe hain. Saalon ki ginti sirf un UP Board papers se hai jo humne sach mein padhe.